Lab - Exploring Router Physical
Characteristics
Topology
Objectives
Part 1: Examine Router External
Characteristics
Part 2: Examine Router Internal
Characteristics Using Show Commands
Background / Scenario
In this lab, you will examine the outside of the router to become familiar with its
characteristics and components, such as its power switch, management ports, LAN
and WAN interfaces, indicator lights, network expansion slots, memory expansion
slots, and USB ports.
You will also identify the internal
components and characteristics of the IOS by consoling into the router and
issuing various commands, such as show
version and show interfaces,
from the CLI.
Note: The routers used with CCNA hands-on labs
are Cisco 1941 Integrated Services Routers (ISRs) with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(4)M3
(universalk9 image). Other routers and Cisco IOS versions can be used. Depending
on the model and Cisco IOS version, the commands available and output produced
might vary from what is shown in the labs.
Note: Make sure that the routers have been erased and have no startup
configurations. If you are unsure, contact your instructor.
Required Resources
·
1 Router (Cisco 1941 with Cisco
IOS Release 15.2(4)M3 universal image or comparable)
·
1 PC (Windows 7 or 8 with
terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term)
·
Console cables to configure the
Cisco IOS devices via the console ports
Part 1:
Examine Router External Characteristics
Use the images below, as well as your own
direct inspection of the backplane of a Cisco router, to answer the following questions.
Feel free to draw arrows and circle the areas of the image that correctly
identify the parts.
Note: The router depicted in the images below is a Cisco 1941 router, which
may be different from the make and model of the routers in your particular academy.
You can find device information and specifications for the Cisco 1941 series
routers at the Cisco.com website. Additional information, including answers to
many of the questions below can be found here:
Step 1:
Identify the various parts of a
Cisco router.
The image shown in this step is of the
backplane of a Cisco 1941 ISR. Use it to answer the questions in this step. In
addition, if you are examining a different model router, a space has been
provided here for you to draw the backplane and identify components and
interfaces as specified in the questions that follow.
a.
Circle and label the router’s
power switch. Is the power switch on your router in the same area as the router
depicted in the image?
_____________________yes_______________________________________________________________
b.
Circle and label the management
ports. What are the built-in management ports? Are the management ports the
same on your router? If not, how are they different?
________yes____________________________________________________________________________
d.
Circle and label the router’s
WAN interfaces. How many WAN interfaces does the router in the image have and
what is the interface technology type? Are the WAN interfaces the same on your
router? If not, how are they different?
____________________________________________________________________________________
e.
The Cisco 1941 ISR is a modular
platform and comes with module expansion slots for varied network connectivity
requirements. Circle and label the module slots. How many module slots are
there? How many are used? What type of module expansion slots are they? Are the
module slots the same on your router? If not, how are they different?
_____________Three modular slots, 1 is used. _______________________________________________________________________
f.
The Cisco 1941 router comes
with CompactFlash memory slots for high speed storage. Circle and label the CompactFlash
memory slots. How many memory slots are there? How many are used? How much
memory can they hold? Are the memory slots the same on your router? If not, how
are they different?
__________The
compact flash memory is under the HWIC slots which are above the on and off
switch__________________________________________________________________________
g.
The Cisco 1941 router comes
with USB 2.0 ports. The built-in USB ports support eToken devices and USB flash
memory. The USB eToken device feature provides device authentication and secure
configuration of Cisco routers. The USB flash feature provides optional
secondary storage capability and an additional boot device. Circle and label
the USB ports. How many USB ports are there? Are there USB ports on your
router?
_______There
are 2 USB ports
_____________________________________________________________________________
h.
The Cisco 1941 router also
comes with a mini-B USB console port. Circle and label the mini-B USB console
port.
__________There
is 1 mini USB port under the 3rd HWIC slot and next to the RJ45 port__________________________________________________________
Step 2:
Examine the router activity and
status lights.
The following images highlight the
activity and status lights of the front panel and backplane of a powered up and
connected Cisco 1941 ISR.
Note: Some of the indicator lights are obscured from view in the image
of the backplane of the Cisco 1941 router below.
a.
In the top image above, examine
the indicator lights on the front panel of the router? The lights are labeled
SYS, ACT, and POE. What do the labels refer to? What do the lights in the image
indicate about the status of the router? These labels would be readable if they
were not lit.
__________Lights
show the router is powered on and it has network activity__________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
b.
In the backplane image above,
examine the indicator lights on the router. There are three visible activity
lights, one for each of the connected interfaces and management ports. Examine
the interface lights on your router. How are the lights labeled, and what is
their meaning?
________Shows
the Ethernet interfaces are active and the console management ports are enabled
and active. ______L:linked S:send EN:enable______________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
c.
Aside from the management ports
and network interfaces, what other indicator lights are on the backplane of the
router and what might their purpose be?
______There are
lights for the compactflash memory slots______________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Part 2:
Examine Router Internal Characteristics
Using Show Commands
Step 1:
Establish a console connection to
the router and use the show version command.
a.
Using Tera Term, console into
the router and enter privileged EXEC mode using the enable command:
Router> enable
Router#
b.
Display information about the
router by using the show version
command. Use the Spacebar on the keyboard to page through the output.
Router# show
version
Cisco IOS Software, C1900 Software
(C1900-UNIVERSALK9-M), Version 15.2(4)M3, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Technical Support:
http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright (c) 1986-2011 by Cisco Systems,
Inc.
Compiled Thu 26-Jul-12 19:34 by
prod_rel_team
ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 15.0(1r)M15,
RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Router uptime is 1 day, 14 hours, 46
minutes
System returned to ROM by power-on
System restarted at 07:26:55 UTC Mon Dec 3
2012
System image file is
"flash0:c1900-universalk9-mz.SPA.152-4.M3.bin"
Last reload type: Normal Reload
Last reload reason: power-on
<output omitted>
If you require further assistance please
contact us by sending email to
export@cisco.com.
Cisco CISCO1941/K9 (revision 1.0) with
487424K/36864K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID FGL16082318
2 Gigabit Ethernet interfaces
2 Serial(sync/async) interfaces
1 terminal line
1 Virtual Private Network (VPN) Module
DRAM configuration is 64 bits wide with
parity disabled.
255K bytes of non-volatile configuration
memory.
250880K bytes of ATA System CompactFlash 0
(Read/Write)
<output omitted>
Technology Package License Information for
Module:'c1900'
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Technology Technology-package Technology-package
Current Type Next reboot
------------------------------------------------------------------
ipbase ipbasek9 Permanent ipbasek9
security securityk9 Permanent securityk9
data None None None
Configuration register is 0x2102
c.
Based on the output of the show version command, answer the
following questions about the router. If you are examining a different model
router, include the information about it here.
1)
What is the version of the
Cisco IOS and what is the system image filename?
____________
flash0:c1900-universalk9-mz.SPA.151-1.M4.bin
2)
What is the Bootstrap program version
in ROM BIOS?
______ System
Bootstrap, Version 15.1(4)M4__________________________________________________________________________
3)
How long has the router been
running without a restart (also known as its uptime)?
_____ 6
minutes, 4 seconds___________________________________________________________________________
4)
How much dynamic random-access
memory (DRAM) memory does the router have?
__________ 491520K/32768K
5)
What is the router’s processor
board ID number?
______________
FTX152400KS__________________________________________________________________
6)
What network interfaces does
the router have?
________ 2 Gigabit
Ethernet interfaces________________________________________________________________________
7)
How much CompactFlash memory
for IOS storage is there?
________
249856K bytes of ATA System CompactFlash 0_______________________________________________________________________
8)
How much nonvolatile
random-access memory (NVRAM) memory for configuration file storage is there?
__255K bytes of
non-volatile configuration memory_____________________________________________________________________________
9)
What is the setting of the configuration
register?
_____0x2102_________________________________________________________________________
Step 2:
Use the show interface command
to examine the network interfaces.
a.
Use the show interface gigabitEthernet 0/0 command to see the status of the
Gigabit Ethernet 0/0 interface.
Note: After typing part of the command, for example, show interface g, you can use the Tab key on your keyboard to complete
the gigabitEthernet command parameter.
Router# show
interface gigabitEthernet 0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is administratively
down, line protocol is down
Hardware is CN Gigabit Ethernet, address is 442b.031a.b9a0 (bia
442b.031a.b9a0)
MTU
1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit/sec, DLY 100 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set
Keepalive set (10 sec)
Full
Duplex, 100Mbps, media type is RJ45
output flow-control is unsupported, input flow-control is unsupported
ARP
type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00
Last input never, output never, output hang never
Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
Input
queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue: 0/40 (size/max)
5
minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5
minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
3 packets input, 276 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 0 broadcasts (0 IP multicasts)
0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored
0 watchdog, 0 multicast, 0 pause input
0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets
0 unknown protocol drops
0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred
0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier, 0 pause output
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
b.
Given the output of the show interface gigabitEthernet 0/0
command depicted above, or using the output from your router, answer the
following questions:
What is the hardware type and MAC address of the Gigabit Ethernet
interface?
_______bia
0060.479a.2501_____________________________________________________________________________
What is the interface
media type? Is the interface up or down?
________GigabitEthernet0/0
is administratively down, line protocol is down____________________________________________________________________________
c.
Use the show interfaces serial 0/0/0 command to view the status of the
Serial 0/0/0 interface.
Router# show
interface serial 0/0/0
Serial0/0/0 is administratively down, line
protocol is down
Hardware is WIC MBRD Serial
MTU
1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit/sec, DLY 20000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set
Keepalive set (10 sec)
Last input 07:41:21, output never, output hang never
Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue: 0/40 (size/max)
5
minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5
minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
1 packets input, 24 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 1 broadcasts (0 IP multicasts)
0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 2 interface resets
0 unknown protocol drops
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
1 carrier transitions
DCD=down DSR=down DTR=down
RTS=down CTS=down
d.
Given the output command
depicted above, answer the following questions:
What is the frame encapsulation type?
___ Encapsulation
HDLC________________________________________________________________________________
What is the hardware type? Is the interface up or down?
______Serial0/0/0
is administratively down, line protocol is down_____________________________________________________________________________
Reflection
1.
Why might you need to use an EHWIC expansion slot?
_________We may nedd to have a WAN connection to your ISP over a
WAN interface technology that doesn’t come with the router by default. ______________________________________________________________________________
2.
Why might you need to upgrade the Flash memory?
_______We may want to store an addictional IOS images file or
upgrade to a larger IOS image________________________________________________________________________________
3.
What is the purpose of the mini-USB port?
__________The purpose of the mini-USB port is to give you the
ability to console into the router if we do not have a COM serial port on my
laptop or computer._____________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4.
What is the purpose of the ISM/WLAN indicator light
on the backplane of the router? What does it refer to?
_____The CISCO 1941 router can support a CISCO Internal Service
Module that can enhance the intelligence and abilities of the router to perform
activities like intrusion prevention scanning. The CISCO 1941 router can also
be equipped with a Wireless LAN card for supporting wireless local area
networks.__________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
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